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1 Weston, Edward
SUBJECT AREA: Electricity[br]b. 9 May 1850 Oswestry, Englandd. 20 August 1936 Montclair, New Jersey, USA[br]English (naturalized American) inventor noted for his contribution to the technology of electrical measurements.[br]Although he developed dynamos for electroplating and lighting, Weston's major contribution to technology was his invention of a moving-coil voltmeter and the standard cell which bears his name. After some years as a medical student, during which he gained a knowledge of chemistry, he abandoned his studies. Emigrating to New York in 1870, he was employed by a manufacturer of photographic chemicals. There followed a period with an electroplating company during which he built his first dynamo. In 1877 some business associates financed a company to build these machines and, later, arc-lighting equipment. By 1882 the Weston Company had been absorbed into the United States Electric Lighting Company, which had a counterpart in Britain, the Maxim Weston Company. By the time Weston resigned from the company, in 1886, he had been granted 186 patents. He then began the work in which he made his greatest contribution, the science of electrical measurement.The Weston meter, the first successful portable measuring instrument with a pivoted coil, was made in 1886. By careful arrangement of the magnet, coil and control springs, he achieved a design with a well-damped movement, which retained its calibration. These instruments were produced commercially on a large scale and the moving-coil principle was soon adopted by many manufacturers. In 1892 he invented manganin, an alloy with a small negative temperature coefficient, for use as resistances in his voltmeters.The Weston standard cell was invented in 1892. Using his chemical knowledge he produced a cell, based on mercury and cadmium, which replaced the Clark cell as a voltage reference source. The Weston cell became the recognized standard at the International Conference on Electrical Units and Standards held in London in 1908.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsPresident, AIEE 1888–9. Franklin Institute Elliott Cresson Medal 1910, Franklin medal 1924.Bibliography29 April 1890, British patent no. 6,569 (the Weston moving-coil instrument). 6 February 1892, British patent no. 22,482 (the Weston standard cell).Further ReadingD.O.Woodbury, 1949, A Measure of Greatness. A Short Biography of Edward Weston, New York (a detailed account).C.N.Brown, 1988, in Proceedings of the Meeting on the History of Electrical Engineering, IEE, 17–21 (describes Weston's meter).H.C.Passer, 1953, The Electrical Manufacturers: 1875–1900, Cambridge, Mass.GW -
2 Weston
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3 Electricity
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Weston, Edward — born March 24, 1886, Highland Park, Ill., U.S. died Jan. 1, 1958, Carmel, Calif. U.S. photographer. A camera enthusiast from boyhood, Weston began his professional career by opening a portrait studio in Glendale, Calif. His early work was in the… … Universalium
Weston, Edward — (24 mar. 1886, Highland Park, Ill., EE.UU.–1 ene. 1958, Carmel, Cal.). Fotógrafo estadounidense. Desde su infancia mostró entusiasmo por la cámara fotofráfica, e inició su carrera profesional abriendo un estudio de retratos en Glendale, Cal. Su… … Enciclopedia Universal
Weston,Edward — Wes·ton (wĕsʹtən), Edward. 1886 1958. American photographer whose stark, realistic images of landscapes and nudes influenced photographic art. * * * … Universalium
Edward Weston — (24 mars 1886 à Highland Park en Illinois 1er janvier 1958 à Big Sur (Californie)) est un photographe américain, co fondateur du groupe f/64. La majeure partie de son travail a été effectuée en utilisant une chambre photographique de 8×10… … Wikipédia en Français
WESTON (E.) — WESTON EDWARD (1886 1958) Le photographe Edward Weston est le maître incontestable de la «photographie pure» et de la «prévisualisation». Pour ce novateur radical, la photo est donnée telle quelle par le réel, donnée à qui sait la «prévisualiser» … Encyclopédie Universelle
Edward Weston — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Margrethe Mather y Edward Weston Edward Weston, fotógrafo estadounidense, (1886 1958). Biografía Nacido el 24 de mar … Wikipedia Español
Weston E. Vivian — Weston Edward Vivian (* 25. Oktober 1924 in Neufundland) ist ein ehemaliger US amerikanischer Politiker. Zwischen 1965 und 1967 vertrat er den Bundesstaat Michigan im US Repräsentantenhaus. Werdegang Im September 1929 kam Weston Vivian mit seinen … Deutsch Wikipedia
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Weston — /wes teuhn/, n. 1. Edward, 1886 1958, U.S. photographer. 2. a city in NE Massachusetts. 11,169. * * * (as used in expressions) Chapman Maria Weston Maria Weston Fuller Melville Weston Weston Edward * * * ▪ West Virginia, United States city … Universalium
Edward — /ed weuhrd/, n. 1. Prince of Wales and Duke of Cornwall ( The Black Prince ), 1330 76, English military leader (son of Edward III). 2. Lake, a lake in central Africa, between Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a source of the Nile.… … Universalium
Edward — (as used in expressions) Abbey, Edward Acheson, Edward Goodrich Acton (de Aldenham), John Emerich Edward Dahlberg Acton, 1 barón Albee, Edward (Franklin) Edward Teach Bax, Sir Arnold (Edward Trevor) Bellamy, Edward Bernays, Edward L. Charles… … Enciclopedia Universal